The answer to this is related directly to plate tectonics.
California is, as was previously mentioned, home to the boundary
between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate. However,
the presence of that boundary alone does not explain the complexity of
faults in southern California. Studying a fault map of the area
around the plate boundary (the San Andreas fault) in central and
northern California shows a different picture. While there are
multiple active faults in this area, almost all are roughly
parallel and moving with the same type of slip: right-lateral
strike slip. Since the plate boundary here is
a transform fault, and the plates are moving right-laterally with respect
to each other, this is not surprising.
However, if you examine a fault map of southern California, the area
near the plate boundary is cut by a great number of faults in many
different orientations. A large percentage of these faults are not
right-lateral strike-slip faults. In fact, every sense of slip,
pure and oblique, can be found on at least one significant fault in
southern California. Why is this?