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What is an Earthquake?The basic facts of seismology |
Page 3: "What causes sudden slip in the Earth's crust?"
Page 5: "In what manner does slip along faults occur?"
Page 7: Hypocenters -- The Beginnings of Ruptures
Page 9: The Properties of Faults
Page 10: The Properties of Faults (continued)
Page 11: The Properties of Faults (continued)
Page 15: Dip Slip and Crustal Shortening
Page 18: Calculating Slip Rates and Recurrence Intervals
Page 24: "Why are there different fault motions in this area?"
Page 25: Fault Bends (continued)
Page 27: The `Big Bend' and the Plate Boundary
Page 28: The Plate Boundary and the Faults of Southern California
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The Distribution
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Page 2: "In what parts of southern California are earthquakes most common?"
Page 3: "Do earthquakes happen everywhere in southern California?"
Page 7: "Can topographic features be used as a guide in risk assessment?"
Page 9: "Can we `see' features below the surface at all?"
Page 10: "Are there variations in the depth of seismicity in southern California?"
Page 12: Defining a Seismicity Rate
Page 15: "What's a Foreshock?!"
Page 16: Seismicity Rates Applied
Page 17: Poor Conclusions Make Great Myths
Page 22: A Method to Aftershock Madness
Page 24: Failures in Earthquake Prediction
Page 25: The Perils of Earthquake Forecasting
Page 26: "Is there no way to recognize a foreshock before the mainshock strikes?"
Page 28: "How can we study earthquakes from the time before seismic networks existed?"
Page 29: Missing Earthquakes or Missing Records?
Page 31: "Do faults with high slip rates always produce similarly high seismicity rates?"
Page 33: Fault Maturity and Strength
Page 34: Maturity, Strength and Seismicity
Page 35: The Role of Fault Complexity
Page 37: Checking Our Conclusions
Page 38: Explaining Parkfield's Seismicity
Page 39: "How is all of this information collected?"
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Measuring
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Page 2: Earthquakes Before the Dawn of Seismology
Page 3: Ground Motion: The Shaky Foundation of Earthquake Measurements
Page 4: Using Intensity to Characterize Earthquakes
Page 5: Isoseismal Maps and Epicenters
Page 7: The Development of Instrumentation
Page 8: Seismographs and Seismograms
Page 9: Seismic Waves Identified
Page 11: P is for Primary Waves
Page 12: Secondary Shear Waves
Page 13: Computing a Distance from Travel Times
Page 14: Tracing Waves to their Source
Page 15: Running in Circles to Locate Epicenters
Page 20: Connecting Earthquakes and Faults
Page 22: Focal Mechanisms -- Seismological "Beach Balls"
Page 23: Creating Focal Mechanisms
Page 24: Reading Fault Plane Solutions
Page 25: And the Two Become One
